What is occipital torus?

Occipital torus is a bony ridge that protrudes from the back of the skull. It is a prominent feature found in many primate species, including Homo sapiens. The torus is located at the base of the skull, just above the nuchal lines of the occipital bone.

The occipital torus is thought to have evolved as a result of increased muscle attachment, particularly for the neck and back muscles. It also provides structural support for the skull as it rests on the vertebrae and allows for better balance and stability.

In humans, the occurrence and size of the occipital torus can vary. It is more pronounced in some populations, such as Neanderthals and some indigenous groups, while it is less noticeable in others. Some studies have suggested that the size of the occipital torus may be linked to biomechanical adaptations related to specific activities or modes of living.